Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

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What is Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common, chronic gastrointestinal disorder that affects the large intestine (colon). IBS causes abdominal pain, cramping, bloating, gas and change in bowel habits; the intensity of the symptoms varies from person to person. If your digestive system is working properly, food is moved through it by compressing and releasing the intestine’s muscles. If you have IBS, this does not occur as it should, resulting in discomfort. It is unknown what causes it, however it is a long-term ailment. There is presently no cure, however it can typically be controlled with medication.

Unlike some other gastrointestinal conditions, IBS does not cause damage to the digestive tract or increase the risk of colorectal cancer.

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What are the causes of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)?

These are the causes and triggers of irritable bowel syndrome:

Abnormal Muscle Contractions in the Intestine: Stronger or longer-lasting contractions can cause gas, bloating, and diarrhoea, while weaker contractions can lead to constipation.

Nervous System Abnormalities: Abnormalities in the nerves of the digestive system may cause greater-than-normal discomfort when the abdomen stretches from gas or stool.

Inflammation in the Intestines: Some people with IBS have an increased number of immune-system cells in their intestines, which is associated with pain and diarrhoea.

Severe Infection: IBS can develop after a severe bout of diarrhoea (gastroenteritis) caused by bacteria or a virus. IBS may also be associated with an overgrowth of bacteria in the intestines.

Changes in Gut Microbiome: The type and number of bacteria in the intestines (the gut microbiome) play a role in digestive health. In IBS, the gut microbiome may differ from that of healthy individuals.

Psychological Factors: Stress, anxiety, and depression are commonly associated with IBS. These factors can exacerbate symptoms, and IBS itself can contribute to psychological distress.

Food Sensitivities: Many people with IBS report that certain foods trigger or worsen their symptoms, such as dairy products, fatty foods, caffeine, and artificial sweeteners.

What are the symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)?

IBS symptoms vary; however they are frequently present for a long period. The most frequent are:

Pain, cramping, or bloating in the abdomen caused by a bowel movement

Changes in bowel movement appearance- intermittent diarrhoea and constipation

Changes in the frequency of your bowel movements

Bloating, gas, and mucus in the stools

A sensation that the bowel movement was not completely finished.

Is there treatment available for Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)?

What to do to relieve symptoms of IBS:

Cook fresh meals where possible

Avoid triggers by keeping a diary of what you eat and symptoms

Exercise regularly

Relax where possible

Try probiotics.

If you suspect you have IBS, you can seek guidance from one of our clinicians. They will examine your symptoms, inquire about any triggers you are aware of, and advise you on your next actions.

If you already have a diagnosis, our clinician can prescribe treatment for the management of the condition and to relieve symptoms. We recommend the telephone consultation, but you can choose the video consultation as well.

Please see your regular GP urgently if you have: unexplained weight loss or blood in urine or bowels.

Please go to accident and emergency if you have: loss of bladder or bowel control, difficulty weeing or pooing and numbness around genital, bottom or leg weakness.

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

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Is there different types of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)?

There are three main forms of IBS that may be classified as follows: